Which theorist is known for the concept of sociocultural development and the Zone of Proximal Development?

The concept of sociocultural development and the Zone of Proximal Development is primarily attributed to Lev Vygotsky. Vygotsky emphasized the importance of social interaction and culture in cognitive development, arguing that learning occurs through social collaboration. His concept of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) refers to the difference between what a learner can do independently and what they can achieve with guidance or collaboration from more knowledgeable others. This underscores the role of support and scaffolding in educational settings, highlighting how learning is a socially mediated process.

In contrast, other theorists focus on different aspects of development. For example, Jean Piaget is known for his theory of cognitive development stages, emphasizing individual exploration and discovery. John Dewey is recognized for his contributions to progressive education and experiential learning. Maria Montessori developed an educational approach that fosters independence and hands-on learning but does not specifically address the social interactions that Vygotsky emphasized. Thus, Vygotsky’s insights are central to understanding the interplay between social context and cognitive development, which is why he is the correct answer.